Kotor Safety Guide
Health, security, and travel safety information
Emergency Numbers
Save these numbers before your trip.
Healthcare
What to know about medical care in Kotor.
Healthcare System
Montenegro has a public healthcare system supplemented by private clinics. Kotor has basic medical facilities including a general hospital (Opšta Bolnica Kotor) and several private clinics. For serious medical emergencies or specialized treatment, patients may need to travel to Podgorica (90km away) or be evacuated to Croatia or further abroad.
Hospitals
The main facility is Opšta Bolnica Kotor (Kotor General Hospital) located on the outskirts of town. Private medical centers like Mediteran and Hipokrat offer consultations and basic treatments with English-speaking doctors. For serious conditions, medical evacuation to hospitals in Dubrovnik, Croatia (45km away) or Belgrade may be necessary.
Pharmacies
Pharmacies (apoteka) are readily available throughout Kotor and well-stocked with common medications. Many medications available by prescription-only in other countries can be purchased over the counter. Pharmacists typically speak some English and can recommend treatments for minor ailments. Common pain relievers, antibiotics, and travel medications are widely available. At least one pharmacy operates extended hours in the town center.
Insurance
Travel health insurance is not legally required but strongly recommended. EU citizens with a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) have access to public healthcare, but private treatment and medical evacuation are not covered. Ensure your policy covers medical evacuation, as serious cases require transfer to better-equipped facilities abroad.
Healthcare Tips
- Bring sufficient supplies of prescription medications in original packaging, as specific brands may not be available
- Carry a basic first aid kit for minor injuries, especially if hiking or climbing to St. John's Fortress
- Private clinics require immediate payment; keep insurance documents and emergency contact numbers readily accessible
- The water is generally safe to drink in Kotor, but bottled water is widely available and inexpensive if preferred
- Summer heat can cause dehydration and heat exhaustion; carry water during outdoor activities and fortress climbs
Common Risks
Be aware of these potential issues.
Pickpocketing and bag snatching occur primarily during cruise ship days when the Old Town becomes extremely crowded. Thieves target distracted tourists in congested areas, outdoor cafes, and during popular events. Theft from unattended belongings on beaches also occurs.
Roads around Kotor, including the famous Bay of Kotor coastal road, are narrow, winding, and can be dangerous. Drivers may be aggressive, and roads lack shoulders or guardrails in many areas. Pedestrians face risks from vehicles on narrow streets outside the Old Town.
The climb to St. John's Fortress involves 1,350 steep, uneven stone steps with limited railings and can be treacherous, especially when wet. Heat exhaustion, dehydration, slips, and falls are common. Other hiking trails in the surrounding mountains present similar risks.
While the Bay of Kotor has calm waters, risks include rocky entry points, sea urchins, jellyfish (occasionally), and boats in swimming areas. Some beaches lack lifeguards. Water quality can vary, especially after heavy rains.
Summer temperatures regularly exceed 35°C (95°F), creating heat-related health risks. Winter can bring strong bora winds and occasional flooding. Sudden thunderstorms occur in spring and fall, creating dangerous conditions on hiking trails and mountain roads.
Excessive alcohol consumption, particularly local rakija (fruit brandy) and wine, can lead to poor decision-making, accidents, dehydration in heat, and vulnerability to theft or scams.
Scams to Avoid
Watch out for these common tourist scams.
Some tourist-oriented restaurants add items you didn't order to the bill, charge for bread or appetizers that seemed complimentary, or inflate quantities. The menu price may not match the bill, or items are charged per 100g making seafood unexpectedly expensive.
Unofficial exchange services or some shops offer poor exchange rates with hidden fees. Some merchants may try to confuse tourists about whether prices are in euros or another currency. ATMs at the cruise port may have unfavorable rates and high fees.
Some taxis, especially those waiting at the cruise port or popular tourist spots, don't use meters or quote inflated flat rates. They may take unnecessarily long routes or claim the meter is broken.
Unauthorized individuals approach tourists offering discounted tours to popular destinations (Perast, Lovćen, Dubrovnik). These may be overpriced, poorly executed, or in some cases, the operator simply takes payment and disappears.
Unofficial 'parking attendants' approach drivers and demand payment for public parking spaces, often charging more than the official rate. Some areas have confusing or deliberately unclear parking rules leading to fines.
Someone approaches offering a 'free' friendship bracelet, rose, or other small item, then aggressively demands payment after you've accepted it. They may become confrontational if you refuse to pay.
Safety Tips
Practical advice to stay safe.
Old Town Navigation
- The Old Town's marble streets become extremely slippery when wet; wear shoes with good traction
- Streets are narrow and can be disorienting; take photos of landmarks to help find your way back
- Visit early morning (before 10am) or evening (after 6pm) to avoid cruise ship crowds
- Keep to the right on narrow staircases to allow others to pass safely
- Watch for uneven steps and low doorways throughout the Old Town
- Cats are everywhere in Kotor's Old Town; they're generally friendly but don't feed or disturb them
Money and Valuables
- Use hotel safes for passports, extra cash, and valuable electronics
- Carry only what you need for the day; leave unnecessary credit cards in the safe
- Keep emergency cash separately from your wallet
- Take photos of important documents (passport, credit cards) and store digitally
- Be discreet when accessing money from ATMs; shield your PIN
- Notify your bank of travel dates to avoid card blocks
Fortress Climb Safety
- Start early (7-8am) to avoid heat and crowds; the climb takes 45-60 minutes up
- Bring at least 1 liter of water per person; there are no facilities on the trail
- Wear closed-toe shoes with good grip; hiking boots or sturdy sneakers recommended
- The entrance fee is €8 (as of 2024); keep your ticket for potential checks
- Take breaks at the churches and viewing platforms along the way
- Going down is harder on knees; use handrails where available and take your time
- Avoid the climb if you have mobility issues, heart conditions, or are not reasonably fit
Driving Safety
- Drive defensively; local driving styles can be aggressive and unpredictable
- The Bay of Kotor coastal road is scenic but demanding; allow extra time and don't rush
- Use low gears on mountain descents to avoid brake overheating
- Pull over at designated viewpoints to take photos; don't stop in the roadway
- Be especially cautious of cyclists and pedestrians on narrow roads
- Parking in Old Town is extremely limited; use designated lots outside the walls
- Keep doors locked and valuables out of sight when parked
Beach and Water Safety
- Most beaches are rocky or concrete platforms; bring water shoes for comfort
- Apply sunscreen 30 minutes before sun exposure and reapply every 2 hours
- Rent umbrellas and sun loungers early as beaches get crowded
- Keep valuables with you or with a trusted companion while swimming
- Be aware of boat traffic, especially near marinas and the cruise port
- Shower after swimming as the bay water can be saltier than open sea
Food and Water Safety
- Tap water is generally safe but may have a different mineral content; bottled water is inexpensive
- Choose restaurants with good reviews and visible food preparation areas
- Seafood should be fresh; ask when it was caught and avoid if it smells strongly
- Wash hands frequently, especially before eating
- Be cautious with mayonnaise-based salads in hot weather
- Try local cuisine but introduce new foods gradually if you have a sensitive stomach
Communication and Connectivity
- Purchase a local SIM card for data if staying more than a few days; coverage is good in town
- Download offline maps (Google Maps, Maps.me) before arrival
- Learn basic Montenegrin phrases; 'Hvala' (thank you), 'Molim' (please)
- Most restaurants and cafes offer free WiFi; ask for the password
- Save emergency numbers in your phone in local format
- Keep your accommodation's address and phone number written down in case your phone dies
Cruise Ship Days
- Check cruise ship schedules online; the Old Town becomes extremely crowded when multiple ships dock
- Plan to visit major sites early morning or late afternoon on cruise days
- Restaurants and shops raise prices on cruise days; consider eating outside Old Town
- Be extra vigilant about pickpockets when crowds are at their peak (typically 10am-4pm)
- Consider day trips to nearby destinations (Perast, Lovćen) on heavy cruise days
- The fortress climb is less pleasant when crowded; avoid on days with 3+ ships in port
Information for Specific Travelers
Safety considerations for different traveler groups.
Women Travelers
Kotor is generally safe for women traveling solo or in groups. Montenegrin culture is relatively conservative but accustomed to international tourists. Serious harassment or assault is rare, though some unwanted attention, catcalling, or overly friendly behavior may occur, particularly in nightlife areas or from restaurant touts. Women travelers report feeling safe walking around during the day and evening in tourist areas.
- Dress modestly when visiting churches and monasteries (covered shoulders and knees); elsewhere, normal summer tourist attire is acceptable
- Solo women may receive more attention from restaurant staff trying to attract customers; a polite but firm 'no thank you' is usually sufficient
- Avoid walking alone in isolated areas late at night; stick to well-lit, populated streets in Old Town
- If staying in hostels, consider women-only dorms if you prefer more privacy
- Be cautious about accepting drinks from strangers or leaving drinks unattended
- Trust your instincts; if a situation feels uncomfortable, remove yourself
- Local women are generally friendly and helpful if you need assistance
- Consider joining group tours for activities like hiking or boat trips if traveling solo
- Keep your phone charged and share your location with friends or family
- The fortress climb is safe for solo women during daylight hours when other tourists are present
- Taxi rides are generally safe, but use reputable companies and sit in the back seat
- Swimming alone at isolated beaches is not recommended; stay at popular beaches with other people present
LGBTQ+ Travelers
Homosexuality is legal in Montenegro (decriminalized in 1977), and discrimination based on sexual orientation is prohibited by law. However, same-sex marriage and civil unions are not recognized. The legal framework provides some protections, but enforcement can be inconsistent.
- Public displays of affection between same-sex couples are not recommended and may attract unwanted attention
- Exercise discretion when discussing sexual orientation or relationships with locals you don't know well
- LGBTQ+ nightlife is virtually non-existent in Kotor; larger cities like Budva or Podgorica have limited options
- Research LGBTQ+-friendly accommodations in advance; international hotel chains are generally safe choices
- Be cautious about sharing personal information on dating apps; use discretion when meeting people
- Transgender travelers may face additional challenges; gender markers on documents should match presentation to avoid issues
- If you experience discrimination or harassment, contact your embassy rather than relying solely on local authorities
- Connect with LGBTQ+ travel communities online for current information and recommendations
- Consider traveling with a companion rather than solo for added comfort and safety
- The nearby Croatian cities (Dubrovnik) have more visible LGBTQ+ presence and may feel more comfortable
- Hotel staff in tourist areas are professional and unlikely to discriminate, but smaller family-run establishments may be less comfortable
- Pride events do occur in Montenegro (primarily in Podgorica) but are small and sometimes face opposition
Travel Insurance
Travel insurance is essential for visiting Kotor and Montenegro. While the destination is relatively safe, medical facilities are limited and serious conditions require expensive medical evacuation to Croatia or beyond. The challenging terrain, outdoor activities, and driving conditions create risks of injury. Additionally, trip interruptions due to weather, transportation issues, or other unforeseen circumstances are possible. Montenegro is not part of the EU, and non-EU visitors have no automatic healthcare coverage.
Travel insurance for adventurous travelers • Coverage in 200+ countries